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DSN

DSN -- The Data Source Name

Описание

To connect to a database through PEAR::MDB2, you have to create a valid DSN - data source name. This DSN consists in the following parts:

phptype: Database backend used in PHP (i.e. mysql , pgsql etc.)

dbsyntax: Database used with regards to SQL syntax etc.

protocol: Communication protocol to use ( i.e. tcp, unix etc.)

hostspec: Host specification (hostname[:port])

database: Database to use on the DBMS server

username: User name for login

password: Password for login

proto_opts: Maybe used with protocol

option: Additional connection options in URI query string format. options get separated by &. The Following table shows a non complete list of options:

Таблица 35-1. List of options

Name	Description
`charset`	Some backends support setting the client charset.
`new_link`	Some RDBMS do not create new connections when connecting to the same host multiple times. This option will attempt to force a new connection.

The DSN can either be provided as an associative array or as a string. The string format of the supplied DSN is in its fullest form:

phptype(dbsyntax)://username:password@protocol+hostspec/database?option=value

Most variations are allowed:

phptype://username:password@protocol+hostspec:110//usr/db_file.db
phptype://username:password@hostspec/database
phptype://username:password@hostspec
phptype://username@hostspec
phptype://hostspec/database
phptype://hostspec
phptype:///database
phptype:///database?option=value&anotheroption=anothervalue
phptype(dbsyntax)
phptype

The currently supported database backends are:

fbsql  -> FrontBase
ibase  -> InterBase / Firebird (requires PHP 5)
mssql  -> Microsoft SQL Server (NOT for Sybase. Compile PHP --with-mssql)
mysql  -> MySQL
mysqli -> MySQL (supports new authentication protocol) (requires PHP 5)
oci8   -> Oracle 7/8/9/10
pgsql  -> PostgreSQL
querysim -> QuerySim
sqlite -> SQLite 2

A second DSN format is supported

phptype(syntax)://user:pass@protocol(proto_opts)/database

If your database, option values, username or password contain characters used to delineate DSN parts, you can escape them via URI hex encodings:

: = %3a   / = %2f   @ = %40
+ = %2b   ( = %28   ) = %29
? = %3f   = = %3d   & = %26

Внимание

Please note, that some features may be not supported by all database backends.

Пример

Пример 35-1. Connect to database through a socket

mysql://user@unix(/path/to/socket)/pear

Пример 35-2. Connect to database on a non standard port

pgsql://user:pass@tcp(localhost:5555)/pear

Пример 35-3. Connect to SQLite on a Unix machine using options

sqlite:////full/unix/path/to/file.db?mode=0666

Пример 35-4. Connect to SQLite on a Windows machine using options

sqlite:///c:/full/windows/path/to/file.db?mode=0666

Пример 35-5. Connect to MySQLi using SSL

mysqli://user:pass@localhost/pear?key=client-key.pem&cert=client-cert.pem

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User Notes:
Note by: mapopa@gmail.com 2008-05-14 14:45 UTC if you are using firebird on linux then you need to add an extra slash to the db path like this $mdb2 =& MDB2::connect(’ibase://sysdba:masterkey@localhost//var/lib/firebird/2.1/data/employee.fdb’); and you can check the result with the extra debug info if (PEAR::isError($mdb2)) { die($mdb2->getMessage(). ‘,’ . $mdb2->getDebugInfo()); Note by: nilya 2007-07-02 03:59 UTC If you use Firebird database, specify dbsyntax='firebird'. For example, "ibase(firebird)://SYSDBA:masterkey@localhost/dbname". In current version (MDB2_Driver_ibase 1.4.1) this value affects only limiting queries (by setLimit(limit,offset))